{"id":13950,"date":"2025-09-20T16:14:03","date_gmt":"2025-09-20T14:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/?p=13950"},"modified":"2025-09-29T22:17:36","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T20:17:36","slug":"workers-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/workers-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Death of Linen Factory Worker\u2019s Infant Exposes Egypt\u2019s Harsh Labor System"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"216\" data-end=\"645\">Just days after the Egyptian government began enforcing the new Labor Law No. 14 of 2025, promoted as a step toward protecting workers\u2019 rights, the country witnessed a tragic incident: a baby girl, not yet four months old, lost her life after her mother, Doaa Mohamed\u2014a worker at \u201cNile Linen Group\u201d for textiles and home furnishings in Alexandria\u2014was prevented from leaving the workplace to take her sick child to the hospital.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"863\">The company\u2019s management refused to grant her leave, or even a short permission slip, and she was held inside the factory for three continuous hours, trying to secure authorization to exit through the company gate.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"865\" data-end=\"1397\">This harrowing incident exposed the harsh conditions endured by many workers in factories and companies, where some pay with their lives as a result of unfair regulations, weak government oversight of employers, and the absence of an effective role for independent unions in protecting their rights, according to labor and human rights organizations and experts in the field. Under such circumstances, the workplace turns into a source of pressure and danger instead of a safe environment that guarantees dignity and basic rights.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1875\">Doaa Mohamed had returned to her job just ten days after finishing her maternity leave, only to discover that her infant had contracted a stomach infection requiring hospitalization. She tried to obtain leave by calling the company\u2019s management, but her request was denied. This forced her to bring her child along to work, fearing a financial deduction that could reach 2,000 pounds ($40) if she missed two consecutive days, according to eyewitnesses who spoke to <em data-start=\"1864\" data-end=\"1872\">Zawia3<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1875\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"4lKtLvUz1x\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/hcww\/\">HCWW Workers in Egypt: Exploitation and Wages Below Minimum Wage<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;HCWW Workers in Egypt: Exploitation and Wages Below Minimum Wage&#8221; &#8212; \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/hcww\/embed\/#?secret=KFV7GWeez6#?secret=4lKtLvUz1x\" data-secret=\"4lKtLvUz1x\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1399\" data-end=\"1875\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10309\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"4269\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.png 4269w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-1024x90.png 1024w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-768x68.png 768w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-1536x135.png 1536w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-2048x180.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4269px) 100vw, 4269px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"244\"><strong data-start=\"157\" data-end=\"242\">From Cost of Living Allowances to \u201cDiscipline Incentives\u201d: A New Tool of Pressure<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"246\" data-end=\"494\">One worker, who preferred not to disclose his name for fear of jeopardizing his job and personal safety, told <em data-start=\"356\" data-end=\"364\">Zawia3<\/em> that what happened to Doaa and her infant was not an exception but rather a recurring policy within the company toward workers.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"496\" data-end=\"873\">He explained that the 2,000 pounds ($40) deducted by management in case of absence for medical reasons\u2014whether with or without permission\u2014was originally paid as a \u201ccost of living allowance.\u201d The company, however, reclassified it under the heading of \u201cdiscipline incentives,\u201d using it as a tool of pressure and bargaining to prevent workers from taking leave, even sick leave.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"875\" data-end=\"1317\">According to the source, the company also counts these incentives as part of the legally mandated minimum wage. If a worker is absent\u2014even with a medical certificate\u2014they are deprived of this allowance as well as other benefits such as holiday bonuses and food packages distributed before Ramadan. Moreover, the company imposes restrictive and excessive conditions for obtaining leave, forcing many to work despite severe health conditions.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1763\">These practices triggered outrage among employees, who launched a strike demanding: \u201caccountability for those responsible for the infant\u2019s death, adjustments and increases in wages, elimination of unlawful conditions attached to what is labeled as the \u2018cost of living allowance\u2019 included in the minimum wage, cancellation of the complicated procedures for obtaining leave, and guarantees for workers\u2019 right to emergency leave when necessary.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1765\" data-end=\"2284\">The workers also called for wages to be paid regularly no later than the 5th of each month, and for overtime pay to be provided to tailoring workers who are required to work an additional half-hour daily beyond the maximum hours stipulated by law. They further demanded a risk allowance equivalent to seven days\u2019 wages for workers in the automatic section of the tailoring plant. After four days of striking, the company announced it would meet the workers\u2019 demands, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ctuws\/posts\/pfbid02KxB9gGzNcab2KFvGBhnKFrcrpvY1EHGFdrDfNNxmCZJJPjwBUyrQtMadhbG4rbuhl\">leading them to end the strike<\/a> and return to work.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"2286\" data-end=\"2643\">Commenting on the incident, the <strong data-start=\"2318\" data-end=\"2374\">Center for Trade Union and Workers\u2019 Services (CTUWS)<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ctuws\/posts\/pfbid0HCWdVCU2mWFytbGPQkziGk1P6LXaqcFHco36WtEUXgeqiHVBSiHox1ah44sVryCDl\">described<\/a> it as revealing the \u201cbitter reality\u201d endured by employees at the company, where legal violations intersect with harsh human circumstances, turning the workplace into a site of oppression and suffering rather than a place that safeguards dignity and rights.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"2645\" data-end=\"3097\">The center urged the Ministry of Labor to quickly dispatch inspectors to the company headquarters, listen to workers\u2019 complaints, and document management\u2019s violations of the law, whether concerning the calculation of the minimum wage or the denial of workers\u2019 right to leave. It also called on the ministry to compel the company to enter genuine negotiations with the workers\u2019 union committee to address current conditions and safeguard labor rights.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3099\" data-end=\"3460\">For its part, <strong data-start=\"3113\" data-end=\"3141\">the New Woman Foundation<\/strong> stated in a press release that \u201cthis tragedy revealed a flagrant violation of workers\u2019 rights,\u201d stressing that what happened was not merely a labor dispute but a clear violation of the rights to life, decent work, and fair pay\u2014fundamental rights guaranteed by the Egyptian Constitution and international conventions.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3462\" data-end=\"3800\">Magdy El-Badawi, deputy head of the <strong data-start=\"3498\" data-end=\"3533\">Egyptian Trade Union Federation<\/strong>, told <em data-start=\"3540\" data-end=\"3548\">Zawia3<\/em> that the Ministry of Manpower had formed a committee to investigate the death of the infant at the hands of her mother inside the company. He added that the federation was awaiting the committee\u2019s findings before taking the necessary legal measures.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3802\" data-end=\"4208\">El-Badawi stressed that company and factory regulations may not contradict the labor law, and any regulation that does so is invalid. He noted, however, that some employers enforce unfair rules, such as deducting large sums from wages for absences, describing such practices as illegal and inhumane. He added: \u201cIt is impermissible to tie absence penalties to what is called the cost-of-living allowance.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"4210\" data-end=\"4665\">The deputy federation head criticized the company\u2019s negligence in the latest incident, explaining that the labor law obliges employers to provide childcare facilities for female employees and to grant nursing breaks as well as an additional hour of rest daily. \u201cWhen the infant became ill, an ambulance should have been called immediately. Failing to do so is a grave error for which the company and the daycare management bear responsibility,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"4667\" data-end=\"5092\">On complaints documented by <em data-start=\"4695\" data-end=\"4703\">Zawia3<\/em> from some workers regarding difficulties in obtaining sick or compassionate leave in cases such as death, El-Badawi said Egyptian law provides multiple types of leave\u2014including annual, emergency, medical, and official holidays. He argued that workers\u2019 experiences of being denied leave stem from the obstinacy of certain employers rather than deficiencies in the law or its enforcement.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"5094\" data-end=\"5619\">El-Badawi maintained that the problem lies not in the law itself, insisting that the abuses some workers face in factories and companies are individual cases caused by employers. He emphasized that the federation handles such issues daily with the Ministry of Manpower, either through complaints filed against employers or through negotiation sessions. He noted that workplace inspections fall under the ministry\u2019s mandate, while the federation plays a mediating role, conveying workers\u2019 complaints to relevant authorities.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"5621\" data-end=\"6050\">In contrast, <strong data-start=\"5634\" data-end=\"5648\">Mona Ezzat<\/strong>, a researcher in economic and social affairs, told <em data-start=\"5700\" data-end=\"5708\">Zawia3<\/em> that the denial of Doaa\u2019s request for emergency leave \u201cconstitutes a violation of a fundamental right guaranteed by the law,\u201d whether under the old or the new law that took effect this September. She explained that the legal purpose of such leave is precisely to address emergencies such as illness, death, or sudden need for medical care.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"6052\" data-end=\"6369\">Ezzat added that the incident was not only a legal violation but also \u201ca total absence of humanity and rights.\u201d She said management should have considered the worker\u2019s and her infant\u2019s situation even in the absence of sufficient leave credits. She described the case as a \u201cdouble violation: legal and humanitarian.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"6371\" data-end=\"6726\">However, Ezzat rejected El-Badawi\u2019s characterization of the problem as isolated, arguing instead that such violations relating to leave and workers\u2019 rights are recurrent across many companies. These include restrictions on emergency or medical leave, denial of basic rights such as workplace medical care, and refusal to recognize occupational injuries.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"6728\" data-end=\"7048\">She pointed out that Egyptian law and international labor standards guarantee workers\u2019 rights to medical care and health protection, but the real crisis lies in the absence of sustained government oversight and the tendency to treat each incident as an isolated case without recording or holding violators accountable.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"7050\" data-end=\"7400\">This is not the first time Nile Linen has been accused of violating workers\u2019 rights; the company has a record of abuses, including threats of dismissal and actual arbitrary terminations. Yet the state treats each case as if closing a file without memory or follow-up, she said, encouraging companies to repeat violations without fear of punishment.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"7402\" data-end=\"7759\">Ezzat emphasized the need for \u201cofficial records documenting violations\u201d and for activating punitive provisions in the labor law against companies with repeated offenses. She noted that such companies often benefit from state privileges such as tax exemptions and discounted land, adding: \u201cThese advantages must not come at the expense of workers\u2019 rights.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"7761\" data-end=\"8054\">She also called for creating a work environment that allows for collective bargaining and dialogue between companies and workers through their unions, stressing that the absence of such balance leaves workers as the weakest link, enabling employers to disregard their legal and human rights.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"8056\" data-end=\"8297\">In 2024, the number of workers in Egypt\u2019s industrial sector reached about 3.946 million, representing roughly 13.2% of the country\u2019s total labor force. Official data showed that the sector witnessed notable growth of 5.4% compared to 2023.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-start=\"8056\" data-end=\"8297\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"b21qJr1CIN\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/laborers\/\">Escalating Labor Protests in Egypt: Closing Doors to Peaceful Negotiations<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Escalating Labor Protests in Egypt: Closing Doors to Peaceful Negotiations&#8221; &#8212; \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/laborers\/embed\/#?secret=h20YZMu0m1#?secret=b21qJr1CIN\" data-secret=\"b21qJr1CIN\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"8056\" data-end=\"8297\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10309\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"4269\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.png 4269w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-1024x90.png 1024w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-768x68.png 768w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-1536x135.png 1536w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-2048x180.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4269px) 100vw, 4269px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"118\" data-end=\"164\"><strong data-start=\"118\" data-end=\"162\">A Bitter Reality and Recurrent Incidents<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"166\" data-end=\"518\">The tragedy of Doaa Mohamed\u2019s infant daughter does not appear to be an isolated case. Union and human rights reports reveal that similar incidents are recurrent, with workers in factories and companies often subjected to long working hours in unsafe environments, leading to frequent workplace accidents and injuries, and in some cases, loss of life.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"520\" data-end=\"1123\">In July, worker Mostafa El-Kilani died and three of his colleagues were injured inside the new Ghazl 1 factory, part of Misr Spinning and Weaving Company in Mahalla El-Kubra, due to a suffocation incident whose cause has not yet been disclosed by management, according to the Center for Trade Union and Workers\u2019 Services. This incident was preceded by a similar one in February, when worker Ayman Abu El-Fadl died from injuries sustained in an explosion at the factory\u2019s new power station, while three other workers were also injured in the same accident. These are only some among many similar cases.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1125\" data-end=\"1501\">Egypt\u2019s labor market records thousands of worker injuries each year. Despite this, workplace injuries have declined over the past five years, reaching 8,317 cases in 2023 compared to 9,857 in 2022. By contrast, 2019 witnessed a significant spike, with 14,331 injuries recorded, according to statistics from the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-start=\"1125\" data-end=\"1501\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13951 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174150-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"861\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174150-1.png 861w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174150-1-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174150-1-768x487.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 861px) 100vw, 861px\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1503\" data-end=\"1972\">Commenting on the rise in workplace injuries, Wafaa Ashry, a member of the Bread and Freedom Party under the umbrella of Social Justice Front, told <em data-start=\"1651\" data-end=\"1659\">Zawia3<\/em> that working conditions in Egyptian factories and companies remain \u201charsh and inhumane.\u201d She explained that poor work environments mean \u201cfactories without sufficient ventilation, leaving workers suffocated by dust or chemicals, or production lines operating for long hours daily without adequate rest periods.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1974\" data-end=\"2436\">Ashry added that low wages compound the crisis, as they do not cover basic living costs, forcing many workers to take on second jobs after their regular shifts. This, she said, results in \u201ctotal exhaustion of body and mind, deprivation of sleep and family life.\u201d She pointed out that such conditions lead to chronic illnesses, recurrent workplace accidents, and the deterioration of workers\u2019 mental health, as they come to feel like mere \u201ctools of production.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"2438\" data-end=\"2870\">She proposed practical solutions, including: activating the occupational safety and health apparatus through serious periodic inspections and shutting down non-compliant factories until they correct their conditions; establishing childcare facilities within factories or subsidizing nearby nurseries; imposing a minimum wage tied to inflation; and legally allowing independent unions to represent workers at the negotiating table.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"2872\" data-end=\"3320\">Ashry attributed the failure to implement such measures to economic policies pursued since the 1990s, which prioritize \u201cattracting investment at any cost.\u201d This, she argued, has meant \u201cgranting businessmen greater flexibility and overlooking workers\u2019 rights in order to maximize company profits.\u201d She also noted that security services treat any labor mobilization as a political threat, creating a climate of fear that stifles organizing efforts.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3322\" data-end=\"3567\">Labor lawyer Wael Ghali, speaking to <em data-start=\"3359\" data-end=\"3367\">Zawia3<\/em>, said that the core problem in Egypt\u2019s work environment lies in the absence of oversight by labor offices and social insurance bodies, pointing out that many establishments face no real monitoring.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3569\" data-end=\"3990\">Although laws guarantee workers various forms of leave\u2014including medical, annual, emergency, and maternity leave\u2014Ghali explained that enforcement on the ground remains weak. He added that many workers are deprived of their entitled leave, forcing them to file lawsuits, commonly known as \u201cleave balance cases,\u201d after the end of their service, to claim financial compensation for the leave days they were unable to take.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3569\" data-end=\"3990\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10309\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"4269\" height=\"376\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629.png 4269w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-1024x90.png 1024w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-768x68.png 768w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-1536x135.png 1536w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/\u062e\u0637-\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644-\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629-2048x180.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4269px) 100vw, 4269px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"135\" data-end=\"182\"><strong data-start=\"135\" data-end=\"180\">A State Powerless Against Employer Abuses<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"656\">Despite the noticeable decline in workplace injuries in Egypt over the past two years, the manufacturing sector has consistently topped injury rates among workers compared to other fields over the last four years, underscoring the persistent risks faced by those employed in this sector relative to other economic activities. Manufacturing refers to industries that transform raw materials into finished or semi-finished products, such as textile and spinning factories.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"656\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13953 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174302-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"945\" height=\"835\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174302-1.png 945w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174302-1-300x265.png 300w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-174302-1-768x679.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 945px) 100vw, 945px\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"658\" data-end=\"810\">During the same period, the private sector recorded the highest share of workplace injuries, accounting for 52% of all work-related injuries in Egypt.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"812\" data-end=\"1197\">Sabry Barakat, a lawyer and consultant with the International Labour Organization, told <em data-start=\"900\" data-end=\"908\">Zawia3<\/em> that the infant\u2019s death was a \u201cblatant case of unjustified and unacceptable administrative abuse.\u201d He stressed that the Ministry of Manpower and relevant administrative authorities are obligated to intervene and penalize the company, as what happened was \u201ca clear violation of the law.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-start=\"812\" data-end=\"1197\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-175518-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1213\" height=\"855\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-175518-1.png 1213w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-175518-1-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-175518-1-1024x722.png 1024w, https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-2025-09-17-175518-1-768x541.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1213px) 100vw, 1213px\" \/><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1199\" data-end=\"1518\">Barakat explained that although the labor law grants workers the right to emergency leave, internal regulations in many companies\u2014particularly in the business and private sectors\u2014impose hefty fines for absences of even one or two days, describing this practice as \u201ccontrary to both the old and new legislation alike.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1520\" data-end=\"1836\">The ILO consultant added that labor unions have repeatedly demanded amendments to these \u201cillegal\u201d regulations, but their efforts have failed due to weak social solidarity, the absence of strong unions capable of exerting pressure, and \u201cgovernment oversight that is too modest to match the scale of responsibility.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"1838\" data-end=\"2204\">He pointed out that the number of labor inspectors in Egypt has declined significantly in recent years, at a time when the state should be strengthening supervision of labor relations. He remarked: \u201cEven if they wanted to fulfill their role, they cannot due to their limited numbers and weak resources. This is the state\u2019s responsibility, not that of individuals.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"2206\" data-end=\"2608\">In Barakat\u2019s view, what happened to the worker is not an isolated case but rather \u201ca reflection of labor relations in Egypt as a whole,\u201d noting that more than 60% of labor regulations in the private sector violate the law, especially in free zones and investment areas. He added: \u201cEmployers act arrogantly toward the state, always raising the slogan: if you don\u2019t like it, we\u2019ll shut down and leave.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"2610\" data-end=\"3001\">He concluded that \u201cthese conditions are not limited to a single case but recur daily in tragedies involving female factory workers, child laborers in quarries, and thousands of girls facing harsh and dangerous conditions. Political, economic, and social circumstances all converge against these workers, leaving them victims of administrative abuse, lack of oversight, and state weakness.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\" data-start=\"3003\" data-end=\"3690\">The death of the infant at Nile Linen exposed the severe flaws in Egypt\u2019s labor relations, where legal violations intersect with harsh human circumstances to create a pressured and unsafe work environment, according to experts, legal professionals, and workers\u2019 testimonies. They emphasized that legislation alone is not enough to protect workers\u2019 rights; effective oversight, strict enforcement of the law, and strong unions capable of defending those rights are equally essential. Recurrent incidents indicate that the absence of government monitoring and weak union solidarity allow companies to exploit workers, preventing them from accessing their legal and constitutional rights.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" data-start=\"3003\" data-end=\"3690\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"mHDwxm19XM\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/abu-dhabi\/\">Abu Dhabi Holding&#8217;s Tax Exemption in Egypt: Who Benefits?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;Abu Dhabi Holding&#8217;s Tax Exemption in Egypt: Who Benefits?&#8221; &#8212; \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/abu-dhabi\/embed\/#?secret=obLluAr9X0#?secret=mHDwxm19XM\" data-secret=\"mHDwxm19XM\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The death of a Nile Linen worker\u2019s infant reveals systemic abuses in Egypt\u2019s factories, weak oversight, and denial of workers\u2019 basic rights.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":13935,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[390],"tags":[12706,12700,12702,12704,12709,12703,12701,12708,12707,12705],"kateb":[728],"class_list":["post-13950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-human-rights","tag-cost-of-living-allowance-egypt","tag-egypt-labor-law","tag-egyptian-workers-rights","tag-factory-conditions-egypt","tag-industrial-workers-egypt","tag-labor-exploitation-egypt","tag-linen-factory-egypt","tag-ministry-of-manpower","tag-trade-unions-egypt","tag-workplace-injuries-egypt","kateb-shimaa-hamdy"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a-2.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13950","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13950"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13950\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13957,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13950\/revisions\/13957"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13950"},{"taxonomy":"kateb","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kateb?post=13950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}