{"id":16537,"date":"2025-12-31T18:10:10","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T16:10:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/?p=16537"},"modified":"2026-10-30T00:03:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T22:03:11","slug":"deleted-lines-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/deleted-lines-14\/","title":{"rendered":"A Year since Al-Qaradawi\u2019s Abduction: Lebanese Complicity and Enforced Disappearance in the UAE"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"z3-read z3-policy z3-newsletter\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<section class=\"z3r-intro\">\n<p class=\"z3r-lead\">A year since Al-Qaradawi\u2019s abduction and continuing restrictions<\/p>\n<p class=\"z3p-meta\">Deleted Lines | Issue 14 | December 2025<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<nav class=\"z3p-toc\" aria-label=\"Newsletter contents\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">In this issue<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#opening\">Opening<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section-01\">1. Personal liberty, detention and children\u2019s rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section-02\">2. Political participation and civil society<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section-03\">3. Women\u2019s rights and gender justice<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section-04\">4. Environmental justice and housing rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section-05\">5. Workers, journalists and trade union rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section-06\">6. Refugee rights and protection from deportation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/nav>\n<section id=\"opening\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">Opening<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>A year since Al-Qaradawi\u2019s abduction and continuing restrictions<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On 28 December, a full year passed since the arrest of the Egyptian-Turkish poet and opposition figure Abdulrahman Yusuf Al-Qaradawi in Lebanon in 2024, on the basis of an Emirati extradition request linked to his right to expression. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite UN warnings and legal appeals, the Lebanese Council of Ministers took a decision in January 2025 to forcibly hand him over to the UAE.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since then, Al-Qaradawi has been living in a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B6-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A4-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AE%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B0%D9%84\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">state<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of ongoing enforced disappearance in an undisclosed location in the UAE, where his family has been allowed only two brief visits that did not exceed ten minutes, amid reports that he is being held in harsh conditions including prolonged solitary confinement and deprivation of the most basic human rights. 13 human rights organisations are demanding that his whereabouts be disclosed immediately and that the Lebanese authorities be held accountable for violating the principle of &#8220;non-refoulement&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"section-01\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">1<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>1. Personal liberty, detention and children\u2019s rights<\/h2>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>10-Year Sentences on &#8220;Terrorism&#8221; Charges against Two Children<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights condemned the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85-%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%86-%D8%B7%D9%81%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86-10-%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ruling<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Benha court issued on 23 December sentencing two children to 10 years in prison on terrorism-related charges over their alleged digital activity. Case No. 4240 of 2024 involved grave violations, as the two children were brought before the Supreme State Security Prosecution as adults and deprived of the guarantees of the Child Law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most prominent defendant in the case is the child Mohamed Emad, an American of Egyptian origin, who was arrested during a summer holiday and subjected to enforced disappearance for two weeks. The Initiative stresses that the charges of founding a terrorist group are legally illogical, especially since the Terrorism Law requires the presence of at least three persons for a &#8220;group&#8221; to be so described.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>The Continuation of the &#8220;Recycling&#8221; Policy and Deaths inside Places of Detention<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Egyptian Initiative called on the Minister of Interior<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%89-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B0-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A5%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to implement<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the release decision for the young man Ahmed Sabry Nassef, issued on 23 December 2025; he has spent 9 years in detention without a single ruling convicting him, as he has been &#8220;recycled&#8221; pending 10 cases on identical charges since he was a secondary school student.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a related context, human rights organisations called for an urgent investigation into the<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2-%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8-%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD-%D9%8A%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA-%D8%A5%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AB%D8%AA%D9%87\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">death<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the citizen Tarek Ashraf Mahfouz inside the Haram police station on 24 December, after his family observed visible injuries on his body that raise fears that he was tortured, amid demands for the station&#8217;s surveillance camera recordings to be secured and reviewed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Recommended reading:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/medical-negligence-in-prisons\/\"> <b>Medical Neglect in Egyptian Prisons: When Illness Becomes an Additional Punishment<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Ahmed Sabry Nassef: From Enforced Disappearance to Detention without Guarantees<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The case of the citizen Ahmed Sabry Nassef has shed light once again on a recurring pattern of violations linked to the mechanisms of arrest and detention in Egypt. After his arrest, Nassef was forcibly disappeared for a period before later appearing before the investigating authorities, without any official announcement of his place of detention during the period of disappearance, and without being fully enabled to communicate with his family or lawyer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%89-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B0-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A5%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">to the Egyptian Initiative<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for Personal Rights and other human rights organisations, Nassef faces investigation procedures that lack the minimum guarantees of a fair trial, as his pretrial detention continues within the framework of vague charges, without a clear referral to trial or a time limit set on his detention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Recommended reading:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/prisoners-mail\/\"> <b>Prisoners&#8217; Mail in Egypt: Chronicling Existence and Resisting Nothingness<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"section-02\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">2<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>2. Political participation and civil society<\/h2>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3><b><br \/>\nPolitical and Electoral Prosecutions: From Farouk to Alaa Abdel Fattah<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">December saw a series of events relating to political activity and security prosecutions. The appeals court upheld the 5-year prison sentence against the economic expert Abdel Khaleq Farouk on a charge of spreading false news over his critical articles. On the other hand, the family of the activist Alaa Abdel Fattah announced his arrival in London after his name was removed from the travel ban lists.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> On the political level, Talaat Khalil, chair of the board of trustees of the Civil Democratic Movement,<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/tl.t.khlyl.339640\/posts\/pfbid0Svy28RWZHceM59noC44c2o7kDrpifTeBFrWfC5fctgH2GTv46MU5iiabAh7CWpEal\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">announced<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that he would appear for trial on 28 December on charges relating to the parliamentary elections, and the prosecution also summoned the candidate Lamis Khattab on a charge of insulting the head of an electoral committee, in measures that the candidates regarded as targeting them for monitoring electoral violations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the file of support for Palestine, the State Security Prosecution<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85-%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-64-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D8%B2%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B0-19-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%8B%D8%A7\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">referred<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 64 defendants to trial in two separate cases, among them the developer Ahmed Bahgat, whom the prosecution is trying as a &#8220;fugitive&#8221; despite his family&#8217;s reports that he has been subjected to enforced disappearance for 19 months.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The writer and novelist Ammar Ali Hassan also<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/khaled.ali.72\/posts\/pfbid0f1LBVNGLm7XrowQbTkPwA2v5odd4yarudirTAcJmG6DRS9ZbahuQZ1baNH8itiDwl\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">underwent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> questioning over his writings and intellectual positions, and was released on financial bail pending the case.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b><\/b><br \/>\n<\/span><b>Civil Society: From Judicial Prosecution to &#8220;Administrative Strangulation&#8221;<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite the closure of Case 173 (foreign funding) in March 2024 after 13 years of persecution, Egyptian civil society is facing a new wave of &#8220;administrative strangulation&#8221; through the Law Regulating Civil Work (No. 149 of 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this context, a report published on the Zawia3 platform documented obstacles that begin at the founding stage, as Mohamed Abdel Salam (executive director of the Association for Freedom of Thought and Expression) revealed that it took the association 11 months to activate its bank account because of informal security interventions, before it was surprised by the refusal of its foreign grants without reasons being given, despite its compliance with all inspection and completion procedures, which has deprived the association of any funding for its activities since it obtained its licence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>To read the full report:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/from-travel-bans-to-barriers-to-work-how-legal-restrictions-choke-egypts-civil-society\/\"> <b>From Travel Bans to &#8220;Work Bans&#8221;: How Is Civil Society Being Strangled by Law?<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Parties in the Popular Consciousness: From &#8220;Historic Parties&#8221; to &#8220;Electoral Shops&#8221;<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An opinion poll conducted by Zawia3 covering 100 people from various governorates revealed a huge gap between the street and the political parties: 97% of participants affirmed that they do not trust the parties, and 92% considered them mere &#8220;political d\u00e9cor&#8221; complementing the electoral process. This crisis is manifested in the testimonies of citizens who described the current parties as &#8220;shops&#8221; that appear seasonally to distribute food commodities (oil and sugar) and harvest votes, then disappear completely as soon as the elections are over, amid a sharp decline in electoral participation, which recorded its lowest level in history at 17.1% in the last Senate elections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the number of licensed parties in Egypt has passed the threshold of 100, their actual presence remains limited and fragile; before the 2025 elections, parliamentary representation in the House of Representatives did not exceed about 13 parties. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dr Amr Hashem Rabie, adviser at the Al-Ahram Center, believes that the crisis lies in the parties&#8217; detachment from the street and the absence of internal democracy within them, as they are run with a mentality of &#8220;individual leadership&#8221;. He pointed out that the electoral system based on the &#8220;absolute list&#8221; instead of &#8220;proportional representation&#8221; strengthens the role of independents and political money at the expense of programme-based party work, which has led most Egyptians (more than 95%) to be classified politically as independents who refrain from joining any party entity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>To read the full report:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/egyptian-parties\/\"> <b>Egypt: 100 Parties, Zero Politics<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"section-03\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">3<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>3. Women\u2019s rights and gender justice<\/h2>\n<p class=\"z3n-legacy-title\">Women&#x27;s Rights<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>The Equality Gap in Egypt: A UN Report Exposes the Falsehood<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The &#8220;Gender Justice and the Law&#8221;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unescwa.org\/ar\/news\/%D8%A5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-2025-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">initiative<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (affiliated with four UN agencies) issued an update revealing the gap between official discourse and legislative reality in Egypt. The report showed that 54% of the legal indicators (39 indicators out of 73) were negative or incomplete, especially in the areas of protection from violence, family affairs, and health and reproductive rights.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report criticised the state&#8217;s reliance on abstract constitutional texts or strategies (such as the 2015 strategy) without real activation, noting that Egypt ranks low globally in the indicators of the gender gap and equal pay, which reflects the state&#8217;s resistance to achieving actual equality within the institution of the family.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Feminist Mobilisation against the &#8220;Leniency&#8221; and &#8220;Personal Status&#8221; Laws<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Feminist organisations launched<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hashtag\/%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4_%D8%B1%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%A9?__eep__=6&amp;__cft__%5b0%5d=AZVubEKVgKZKROunMuAWjq6L-UMrrwMeKUz9WMy9VZqFyHprIq8IsLnXnLE0HYMwmgrAwwKwZN4JO82gXf0G8I8XOAJRItWJN4KN0a5S9_CgJT5nNoQkWD4yPpMVnc-xw47AfFH0BPaN7V4PDk3xaVgZptNA0bay9YLOUpBzdwwtBg&amp;__tn__=*NK-R\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a campaign<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &#8220;Justice, Not Leniency&#8221;, calling for the repeal of articles of the Penal Code (such as Articles 17, 60 and 237) that give judges the power to reduce sentences in crimes of killing and abusing women on the pretext of &#8220;discipline&#8221; or &#8220;honour&#8221;, as the campaign recorded 29 commuted court rulings in recent years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shaimaa Tantawy, a feminist activist and co-founder of the &#8220;Baraah Aman&#8221; initiative, stresses that the campaign, launched by several feminist groups to coincide with the activities of the 16 Days, is based on a critical analysis of five articles of the Penal Code (7, 17, 60, 237 and 274) that are exploited to reduce sentences in cases of killing and abuse of women; the campaign has produced a research paper that dismantles the legal interpretations that entrench violence, supported by a series of articles and a monitoring of recently issued commuted court rulings, which proves the urgent need for a comprehensive legislative reform that guarantees the protection of women and achieves swift justice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the same time, the Center for Egyptian Women&#8217;s Legal Assistance launched<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/share\/p\/17J59TijF2\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a campaign<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &#8220;Open the Doors of Justice&#8221;, calling for a new personal status law to replace the outdated 1920 law, noting that the draft law &#8220;A More Just Family&#8221; prepared by the organisation is still shelved despite the presidential promises issued in 2022 to amend the law.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Reproductive Health and Combating Hate Speech<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The &#8220;Sawt&#8221; initiative issued a fact<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/soutwomen.org\/%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sheet<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on women&#8217;s requirements for strengthening their health and bodily rights, calling for legal protection from female genital mutilation and forced marriage. The Center for Egyptian Women&#8217;s Legal Assistance also launched<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/share\/p\/1ConrtGCuW\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a campaign<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &#8220;Knowledge That Protects&#8221;, and announced the preparation of the first integrated sex education curriculum in Egypt aimed at schools.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a related context, the campaign &#8220;A Word That Hurts&#8221;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/share\/p\/1ConrtGCuW\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">concluded<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> its activities aimed at dismantling hate speech and discrimination against women in popular proverbs and jokes, calling on the media to adopt clear policies to combat this discourse.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>&#8220;Disciplining Society&#8221;: &#8220;Family Values&#8221; Prosecutions as a Tool of Class and Gender Discrimination<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A human rights<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> entitled &#8220;Disciplining Society&#8221; documented the prosecution of 327 people in 252 cases since April 2020 on the pretext of &#8220;protecting family values&#8221;, stressing that these prosecutions have turned into an institutional approach that uses the law as a tool of social control and discrimination against women and the poor. The report recorded the peak of the campaign in summer 2025, when 167 people (most of them women) were arrested in less than four months, with expanded use of Article 25 of the Anti-Cyber and Information Technology Crimes Law and aggravated charges such as &#8220;human trafficking&#8221; and &#8220;money laundering&#8221; being brought without evidence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report warned against the exploitation of loosely worded texts and the stoking of &#8220;moral panic&#8221; through official statements publishing the details of defendants before their conviction, which constitutes a grave violation of the right to privacy, freedom of expression and constitutional obligations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Recommended reading:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/woman-2\/\"><b> Violence against Egypt&#8217;s Women: Between the Chapters of Absent Laws and Years of Regression<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"section-04\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">4<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>4. Environmental justice and housing rights<\/h2>\n<p class=\"z3n-legacy-title\">Economic and Social Justice<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Wadi El-Qamar Victory: EGP 1 Million in Compensation against the &#8220;Titan&#8221; Company<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After a legal battle that began in 2015, the citizen Hany Abdel Fattah, a resident of the Wadi El-Qamar area in Alexandria,<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AF%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B6%D9%8B%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%86\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">succeeded<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in obtaining EGP 1 million in compensation from the Portland Cement Company (Titan) for the health damage resulting from coal emissions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This success came after the company had exhausted all means of procrastination and legal manoeuvring to obstruct the implementation of the ruling, including claiming financial inability and resorting to sham recovery lawsuits for the seized movable assets, which the Egyptian Initiative considered the crowning of a long journey of defending the rights of the area&#8217;s residents to a healthy environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Smouha Pearl: Cutting Utilities as a Tool of Forced Displacement<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The residents of the &#8220;Smouha Pearl&#8221; tower in Alexandria are facing an administrative<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eipr.org\/press\/2025\/12\/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%84%D8%A4%D9%84%D8%A4%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%A9-%D8%B6%D8%AF-%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%B9-%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%85-%D9%88-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%89-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D8%B6%D8%AF-%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B9-%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%87\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">escalation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to evict them from their homes in favour of a neighbouring housing project, as the gas and water companies cut off services to the building last December without prior notice and in violation of the law.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite pending appeals before the administrative judiciary against the expropriation decision, the administrative bodies continue to pressure the residents, who regularly pay for their consumption. The Egyptian Initiative&#8217;s lawyers considered that cutting off vital utilities represents &#8220;indirect coercion&#8221; of the residents to abandon their homes in exchange for compensation they describe as &#8220;paltry&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"section-05\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">5<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>5. Workers, journalists and trade union rights<\/h2>\n<p class=\"z3n-legacy-title\">Labour and Union Rights<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Arbitrary Dismissal and Violation of Privacy at &#8220;Oriental Weavers&#8221;<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">About 70 workers at the &#8220;Oriental Weavers&#8221; company were arbitrarily dismissed over their creation of a group on social media to discuss their working conditions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms documented<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/photo\/?fbid=1299782322193602&amp;set=a.492665946238581\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">violations<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that marred the dismissal process, including body searches of the workers, hacking into and monitoring their personal accounts, in addition to the use of false security reports to incite against them. The Commission called on the Ministry of Labour to intervene to reinstate the workers and halt practices that violate the Labour Law and the International Labour Organization conventions on freedom of association.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under the title &#8220;The New Labour Law: 42 Protests in 100 Days, and the Minimum Wage &#8220;Ink on Paper&#8221;&#8221;, a report published by Zawia3 documented about 42 protests during the period from September to mid-December this year, based on newspaper archives and statements issued by workers, covering various sectors, from<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/revsoc.me\/statements\/50409\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sugar<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/revsoc.me\/workers-farmers\/50826\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">water <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">factories to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cfjusticeorg\/posts\/%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%AA-%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AC-400-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%81%D9%83%D9%88-%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%AB-%D8%B6%D8%AF-%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86\/1146216567718660\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">furniture companies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.almasryalyoum.com\/news\/details\/4138072\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">water stations<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as well as <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eojm.org\/monitoring_and_docum\/%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD-%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">press institutions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Despite officials&#8217; promises, many workers are still paid wages below the legal limit, while their protest actions sometimes face retaliatory measures by management, which points to the failure of the practical application of the law and the absence of actual oversight of workplaces.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>To read the full report:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/workers-5\/\"> <b>The New Labour Law: 42 Protests in 100 Days, and the Minimum Wage &#8220;Ink on Paper&#8221;<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>The &quot;Al-Bawaba News&quot; Crisis: A Sit-in Met with Complaints<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The management of the newspaper &#8220;Al-Bawaba News&#8221; is confronting the journalists&#8217; sit-in, which has continued since last November, with more repression, as it has filed complaints of insult and defamation against the sit-in participants and the two members of the syndicate board, Eman Ouf and Mahmoud Kamel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The journalists are protesting against low wages and the failure to apply the minimum wage, while the management<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/photo?fbid=1300932328745268&amp;set=a.492665946238581\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">responded<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by withholding the salaries for November, which human rights organisations<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/photo?fbid=1300932328745268&amp;set=a.492665946238581\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">considered<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a blatant threat to the right to peaceful union action and a violation of the workers&#8217; financial rights.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Pioneers of the Profession at the Journalists Syndicate: &#8220;Professional Execution&#8221; by Outdated Legal Texts<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a related context, a report published by <\/span><b>Zawia3<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> documented the suffering of about 1,900 retired journalists and their beneficiaries from a crisis of systematic exclusion caused by the Journalists Syndicate Law (No. 76 of 1970), specifically Article 97, which is described as a &#8220;professional execution&#8221;: retirement entails the journalist&#8217;s permanent transfer to the &#8220;non-practising&#8221; register, which deprives him of his fundamental rights to vote, to stand for election, and to return to practising the profession or hold leadership positions, even if he is still able to contribute.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>To read the full report:<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/journalists-syndicate-4\/\"> <b>From the &#8220;Practising Register&#8221; to Oblivion: How Does Article 97 Confiscate the Rights of Retirees in the Journalists Syndicate?<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"section-06\" class=\"z3r-card z3p-sec\"><span class=\"z3r-kicker\">6<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>6. Refugee rights and protection from deportation<\/h2>\n<p class=\"z3n-legacy-title\">Refugees and Migrants<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"><\/path><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"><\/circle><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"><\/circle><\/svg><\/div>\n<h3>Systematic Deportation Campaigns against Sudanese Refugees<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A joint<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/editions\/%d8%ad%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d9%83%d8%ab%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%a6%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">investigation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the Refugees Platform in Egypt and &#8220;The New Humanitarian&#8221; revealed a serious escalation in the Egyptian authorities&#8217; campaigns to deport Sudanese refugees fleeing the war. The investigation showed that the campaigns of stops and detention have extended from the border areas to the major cities, and have included refugees officially registered with the UN refugee agency.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report pointed to the authorities confiscating protection cards and forcing detainees, under threat, to sign declarations that they are leaving the country &#8220;voluntarily&#8221;, amid the silence and limited role of the refugee agency in protecting those registered with it from forced deportation to conflict zones.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<style>.z3-newsletter{width:100%;max-width:980px;direction:ltr;text-align:left;overflow-wrap:break-word} .z3-newsletter .z3n-figure{display:block;margin:18px auto 30px;max-width:900px;text-align:center} .z3-newsletter .z3n-figure img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto} .z3-newsletter h3{font-size:1.25em;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 18px;font-weight:700} .z3-newsletter p{font-size:1em;line-height:1.85} .z3-newsletter .z3r-intro .z3r-lead{font-size:1.5em;line-height:1.5} .z3-newsletter .z3p-toc a{overflow-wrap:anywhere} .z3-newsletter .z3p-sec{scroll-margin-top:110px} @media(max-width:767px){.z3-newsletter h2{font-size:1.45em}.z3-newsletter h3{font-size:1.2em}.z3-newsletter .z3r-card{padding:22px 18px}.z3-newsletter .z3n-figure{margin:14px auto 24px}.z3-newsletter .z3r-intro .z3r-lead{font-size:1.3em}} .z3-newsletter .z3-signers{margin:28px 0 0;border:1px solid #cbd7d8;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;background:transparent}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers summary{cursor:pointer;padding:17px 20px;font-weight:700;font-size:1.1em;line-height:1.5;border-inline-start:4px solid #087b83}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers summary:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #087b83;outline-offset:-4px}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers[open] summary{border-bottom:1px solid #cbd7d8}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers-body{padding:20px}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers ol{columns:2;column-gap:36px;margin:0;padding-inline-start:28px}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers li{break-inside:avoid;margin:0 0 10px;font-size:.95em;line-height:1.65;padding-inline-start:4px}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers-source{margin:20px 0 0;font-size:.85em}@media(max-width:640px){.z3-newsletter .z3-signers ol{columns:1}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers-body{padding:18px}} .z3-newsletter{font-family:Georgia,\"Times New Roman\",serif}.z3-newsletter .z3-signers{direction:ltr;text-align:left}.z3-newsletter .z3r-kicker{letter-spacing:normal} .z3-newsletter .z3p-toc ol{list-style:none;padding-inline-start:0}.z3-newsletter h3{text-transform:none}\n.z3-newsletter img{display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}\n.z3-newsletter iframe{max-width:100%}.z3-newsletter .z3n-legacy-title{font-size:.95em;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:20px}\n.z3-newsletter .z3r-card,.z3-newsletter .z3p-toc,.z3-newsletter .z3r-intro{direction:ltr;text-align:left}\n.z3-newsletter h2,.z3-newsletter h3,.z3-newsletter p{direction:ltr;text-align:left}\n.z3-newsletter .z3p-toc ol{list-style:none;padding:0}.z3-newsletter .z3r-card>h2{margin-bottom:22px}\n<\/style>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the fourteenth issue of the &#8220;Deleted Lines&#8221; newsletter, we monitor a crisis-ridden reality in which the rift between official discourse and the human rights reality in Egypt is widening. We open the file of criminal justice as a year passes since the &#8220;abduction&#8221; of Al-Qaradawi and harsh sentences are issued against children, in parallel with the continuation of &#8220;recycling&#8221; policies and suspicious deaths inside places of detention. We also shed light on the &#8220;administrative strangulation&#8221; facing civil society after years of judicial prosecution, and dismantle the crisis of the political parties, which in the public&#8217;s consciousness have become mere &#8220;d\u00e9cor&#8221; disconnected from its concerns.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":25242,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16107],"tags":[],"kateb":[710],"class_list":["post-16537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deleted-lines","kateb-zawia3-com"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/deleted-lines-14-cover.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16537"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16537\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25322,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16537\/revisions\/25322"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16537"},{"taxonomy":"kateb","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kateb?post=16537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}