{"id":17385,"date":"2025-08-12T17:05:33","date_gmt":"2025-08-12T15:05:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/?p=17385"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:01:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:01:27","slug":"yasser-elhawary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/yasser-elhawary\/","title":{"rendered":"Yasser El-Hawary: Egypt\u2019s Political Space Is Limited, but It Can Expand"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As Egypt approaches parliamentary elections amid restricted freedoms and a shrinking public sphere, debate over the value of party politics is resurfacing. The Progress Party, still under formation, is trying to carve out a place between political constraints and what its founders regard as the necessity of participation.<\/p>\n<p>In this interview with Zawia3, the party\u2019s secretary-general, Yasser El-Hawary, explains its origins, social-democratic outlook and timing. He discusses the National Dialogue, parliamentary participation and cooperation with pro-government parties, and responds to allegations of prior coordination with security agencies.<\/p>\n<p>The conversation also covers the economy, human rights, political prisoners, exiled opponents, blocked news websites and Egypt\u2019s role in the war in Gaza.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center\"><iframe title=\"Zawia3 interview with Yasser El-Hawary\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/iCo_2q9yics\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" style=\"max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>What political project is the Progress Party proposing, and why launch it now?<\/h2>\n<p>The idea began nearly three years ago, following the launch of the National Dialogue. A group of people, including myself\u2014though certainly not as one of its most important members\u2014began discussing a new political party. It included prominent figures such as Dr Raed Salama.<\/p>\n<p>We shared a feeling that existing parties no longer adequately represented our aspirations. Some of us had joined parties and subsequently left after disagreements with their leaderships. Those differences were political rather than personal. We wanted a framework reflecting our values and ideas, which we did not feel were genuinely represented.<\/p>\n<p>That led to a party based on social democracy, the outlook we consider closest to Egyptians\u2019 circumstances. We do not embrace an extreme liberal orientation, nor the furthest expressions of socialist or communist politics. We want a centrist current balancing social justice and freedoms, with economic policies that protect citizens\u2019 rights and improve their lives.<\/p>\n<p>The party also embraces Egyptian nationalism, an idea we believe has not been clearly articulated in the political arena. We do not see it as opposed to Arab nationalism or Islamic affiliations, but as an inclusive framework for Egyptian identity throughout its history.<\/p>\n<p>We considered the period before the next House of Representatives elections the most suitable time to present the project. We were not interested in contesting the Senate elections, but may participate in the forthcoming parliamentary elections.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Have you collected the legal authorisations required to register the party? How do restrictions affect its prospects?<\/h2>\n<p>We remain under formation. Our next step is to build support in different governorates and collect the authorisations required for official registration. That process may continue beyond the coming elections. For now, we are making clear that we are establishing a new organisation called the Progress Party.<\/p>\n<p>We know politics is not easy and the path to freedoms is not strewn with roses. We never expected otherwise. Egypt has rarely been an easy place for political activity. There may have been more room after the January revolution, as often happens after revolutions. But we must work amid difficulties rather than wait for ideal conditions that may never arrive.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>How do you respond to allegations that the party was established in coordination with security agencies?<\/h2>\n<p>That has not happened with us at all\u2014perhaps because we are not considered influential enough to warrant it. Similar rumours circulated when I helped found the Justice Party after the January revolution: people claimed we had coordinated with the military council. That was untrue.<\/p>\n<p>Large parties competing for hundreds of seats may need forms of coordination with the state or its agencies. That is different from fledgling parties like ours. There are also opposition parties such as Bread and Freedom, the Socialist Popular Alliance and the Egyptian Social Democratic Party, and nobody says they are coordinated with security.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Does the electoral system provide a fair environment for participation, or should it change?<\/h2>\n<p>It is not the best system. A better one would allow a broad range of political forces to be represented, which proportional representation can achieve. I have said that repeatedly in National Dialogue sessions over the past three years. The current system does not meet that objective.<\/p>\n<p>I favour proportional lists, but acknowledge that I cannot impose the rules. If the current arrangement is what is agreed, we can work within it while hoping the next parliament offers an opportunity to return to a fairer and more effective proportional system.<\/p>\n<p>The party has not made a final decision on whether to contest list or individual seats. Out of respect for my colleagues, I cannot present my personal position as a collective one. Competing for some individual seats is a strong possibility. Joining a winner-takes-all list is also possible, but nothing has been decided.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Would you coordinate with pro-government parties? Has this become necessary to participate?<\/h2>\n<p>A winner-takes-all list is an electoral alliance in the narrow sense, rather than a political alliance. Its participants do not necessarily share a programme or unified outlook. They share an electoral objective under a law that unfortunately does not sufficiently encourage political diversity.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u201cIs it better to have opposition inside parliament, or leave the entire arena to people who resemble one another?\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>We discuss that question within the party. In my view, genuine opposition inside parliament\u2014even under an imperfect law\u2014is better than complete absence.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Some argue that political dominance renders parliamentary opposition ineffective. What is your response?<\/h2>\n<p>I understand the argument, but it does not erase the contribution of opposition voices that have played important roles. In the parliament elected in 2020, MPs such as Amira Saber, Mohamed Abdel Aziz and Diaa El-Din Dawoud performed well.<\/p>\n<p>I did not participate in the 2015 elections because I objected to how parliament was being formed, although I had opportunities as spokesman for the Free Egyptians Party, which won the largest number of seats among parties. I nevertheless respect the work of Ahmed Tantawy and the 25\u201330 bloc. They showed that serious parliamentary work was possible under imperfect rules.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>A <a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/money-elections\/\">Zawia3 investigation<\/a> found that electoral lists were predetermined within state institutions and that business interests and political influence dominated the process. Do you agree?<\/h2>\n<p>I do not have precise information and prefer not to discuss what I do not know. But from my experience with parties in the Available Space alliance\u2014including the Egyptian Social Democratic Party, the Justice Party and Anwar El-Sadat\u2019s Reform and Development Party\u2014I see serious meetings, genuine internal disagreements, names being proposed and discussions taking place. In my view, that challenges the idea that everything is settled beforehand behind closed doors.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align:center\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633-\u0634\u0639\u0628-\u0648\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649.png\" alt=\"Illustration accompanying Zawia3\u2019s reporting on parliamentary elections\" width=\"1472\" height=\"832\" style=\"display:block;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>How do you assess the National Dialogue? Has it produced tangible political or legislative results?<\/h2>\n<p>I consider it important. The invitation itself created a different atmosphere from what preceded it\u2014and from what started to return after 7 October, when public space began narrowing again. The National Dialogue is part of political reform. I have come to believe that gradual reform, rather than major upheavals or something resembling revolution, is the only suitable path for this country.<\/p>\n<p>The model of the 25 January revolution is over and will not recur, because society has changed. Some currents contain a worrying degree of violence. That frightens me, even if it does not frighten others. I see it as a real danger, which is why I now favour gradual reform.<\/p>\n<p>When the dialogue was proposed at the Egyptian Family Iftar on 26 April 2022, parties reopened their headquarters, politicians reappeared, statements were issued and opposition voices returned, however modestly, to Egyptian media.<\/p>\n<p>There was someone with whom we could talk. We learned to sit together, respect time and respect disagreement. Whatever its outcomes, the dialogue as a method and an idea was serious. Political reform takes longer than a year or two. It is a difficult path, with advances and setbacks. I hope we can return to that atmosphere.<\/p>\n<p>I understand the security agencies\u2019 concerns about threats around Egypt after 7 October. But the answer is not to close public space. It is to let people express themselves civilly so they do not turn to extremist spaces. The dialogue was one means of doing that. Its results may not have met our hopes, but it was a worthwhile step.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Some see you as moving from opposition towards negotiation or proximity to power. What changed?<\/h2>\n<p>The past few years have changed me. I have become, as people say, a negotiator rather than a confrontational opponent. I see that as maturity, not a flaw. I do not look back at my earlier opposition simply as right or wrong. It was a stage in my experience, and people naturally change.<\/p>\n<p>The turning point came in September 2019 during Mohamed Ali\u2019s calls for protests. I was outside Egypt and heard voices calling for figures such as Hazem Salah Abu Ismail to return, alongside alarming incitement. I refused to accept that future for my children.<\/p>\n<p>I have three children, and my eldest starts university this year. I do not want them to experience chaos or civil war, as I see happening in Syria since Ahmed Al-Sharaa came to power.<\/p>\n<p>I am not a supporter of the authorities; I negotiate. I have a viewpoint and express it differently from ten years ago\u2014more calmly, with greater balance and in a way that suits my age and circumstances. It would be wrong to insist on exactly the same approach after fifteen years.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>How do you assess the authorities\u2019 performance on the economy, human rights and political prisoners?<\/h2>\n<p>The authorities and successive governments, particularly Mostafa Madbouly\u2019s government, have performed very badly on the economy.<\/p>\n<p>On human rights, the document that was issued needs to be implemented. Although I believe prison construction has somewhat improved prisoners\u2019 conditions compared with the past, significant problems remain. I strongly object, for example, to the proposed Criminal Procedure Law. I believe it would severely damage human rights. Much work is needed, and I urge rights advocates to intensify their efforts on the issues where the country needs them.<\/p>\n<p>I also think confusion between the roles of rights advocate and politician has caused problems. Some rights advocates spend time quarrelling with politicians. A politician does not use a ruler to make every judgment; a politician uses scales, weighing what may serve the country\u2019s interests. Rights advocates measure against standards. That is the distinction I draw. I am not saying they do not work, but that energy is being lost in disputes with politicians, and more focused effort could improve the human-rights situation.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Rights advocates have submitted legal proposals without tangible results. Is the problem political will or how initiatives are presented?<\/h2>\n<p>Both. I greatly admire lawyers such as Khaled Ali, Nabeh El-Ganadi, Gamal Eid, Ragia and Malek Adly, among others. They do excellent work, and I hesitate to name people because I may omit someone.<\/p>\n<p>But a link is missing: alongside the advocates preparing these cases and proposals, we need people in parliament working on them. Even if proposals are not passed, their voices should be heard. That returns us to the question of how opposition enters parliament. If ten opposition MPs could generate debate and pressure over the Criminal Procedure Law, I believe the state might make greater concessions.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>What is your position on political prisoners?<\/h2>\n<p>It remains what I said in the National Dialogue: a country such as Egypt should not have prisoners of conscience or political prisoners. People should be imprisoned for crimes, but an opinion is not a crime.<\/p>\n<p>We must first address the heavy legacy of pretrial detention, which has become a punishment in itself. People spend long periods detained and may eventually be acquitted, after losing one or two years of their lives without a conviction. That is unjust and one reason this issue remains unresolved.<\/p>\n<p>During the dialogue, I proposed what I consider a practical, more humane alternative: a mobile application requiring a person subject to pretrial restrictions to check in twice a day and report their location, within a defined geographical area. Breaching the conditions would have legal consequences. Such an arrangement could provide supervision while allowing people to remain with their families and at work.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u201cPeople should be imprisoned for crimes, but an opinion is not a crime.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Keeping people in pretrial detention for long periods is unacceptable. The issue of prisoners of conscience requires substantial effort and must ultimately be resolved. It is time to say: enough.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>How should people be selected for public office?<\/h2>\n<p>There are officials doing very good work, and that should be acknowledged objectively. I will not name them, to avoid the appearance of flattery; I want to discuss the principle.<\/p>\n<p>Some executive appointments, particularly governors, still seem to follow a logic of rewarding people at the end of long careers. A governor\u2019s post is not a prize or retirement bonus. It is a major responsibility requiring energy, effort and vision.<\/p>\n<p>I would like to see younger governors rather than waiting for officials to retire before appointing them to sensitive executive posts. We need new ideas and practical energy, not appointments as rewards for the past.<\/p>\n<p>I also hope for a time when parliament forms the government. That may be a deferred aspiration, but it is not impossible. We are entitled to demand it.<\/p>\n<p>We need more openness and clear selection standards based on competence rather than favouritism or appeasement. Some ministers, governors and other officials perform well. Others do not and face insufficient accountability. That gap affects overall performance.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Is the civilian opposition being systematically excluded?<\/h2>\n<p>I do not see total exclusion. The space is limited, but a margin exists. It began widening two or three years ago. There are restrictions and the path is difficult, but it is not entirely closed. We go to party offices, meet, talk, write and appear in the media. That was not possible after 2019. We should describe the situation fairly.<\/p>\n<p>Is the available space enough? No. But it exists and can be widened. The room available during the National Dialogue has narrowed, and we must demand it again. Expanding public space serves the state rather than threatening it.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>A <a href=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/torture-in-egyptian-police-stations\/\">Zawia3 report documented 25 deaths in police custody over a limited period<\/a>. How do you view detention conditions?<\/h2>\n<p>Growing concern requires a clear and transparent response from the National Council for Human Rights, the official institution the state should rely on in such matters. When torture or another violation is reported at a police station or detention facility, it should act immediately, send a committee, investigate transparently and announce its findings.<\/p>\n<p>Society, especially the media, must also have room to scrutinise and criticise. Holding wrongdoers accountable does not criminalise the state. It means the state uses its legal mechanisms to hold individuals responsible, whatever their rank. That is the state we want: one that neither conceals wrongdoing nor makes itself responsible for individuals\u2019 misconduct.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, not everything on social media can be treated as established fact. Much lacks credibility; I have personally faced rumours. Where serious or systematic violations are concerned, I rely on credible rights organisations.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629-1.png\" alt=\"Illustration accompanying Zawia3\u2019s reporting on deaths in police custody\" width=\"1640\" height=\"924\" style=\"display:block;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Has the effort to facilitate exiled opponents\u2019 return retained a serious place on the state\u2019s agenda?<\/h2>\n<p>It needs the attention, momentum and positive spirit it had initially. At one point it offered a bridge to reduce tensions between the state and some opponents. People welcome the return of those who have spent years abroad, whose bodies may have been overseas while their hearts remained in Egypt.<\/p>\n<p>The process has unfortunately stalled, perhaps because of complicated regional developments, especially after 7 October. But it must not be ignored. Forced exile is no less painful than imprisonment, and both deserve reconsideration.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>What do you think of blocking news websites, including independent outlets such as Zawia3?<\/h2>\n<p>I am not impartial about Zawia3: I value the site and those who run it. But there must be clear, explicit standards. A website should not be blocked merely because its coverage differs from the authorities\u2019 position or is critical.<\/p>\n<p>In my view, action should be considered only if an outlet intentionally promotes information verified to be false, incites violence or calls for chaos. I believe any blocking decision should be in the hands of the Journalists Syndicate\u2019s head rather than another authority.<\/p>\n<p>Excluding reputable websites creates a vacuum filled by unprofessional external platforms that spread rumours and anger and may encourage extremism. Professional, responsible and critical journalism inside Egypt is the real safeguard against that.<\/p>\n<div class=\"z3-article-separator\" role=\"separator\" aria-label=\"Section divider\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 140 4269 130\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M120 211H4149\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#7e7e7e\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1718\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"1930\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2142\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2354\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"211\" r=\"56\" fill=\"#fafafa\" stroke=\"#9c9c9c\" stroke-width=\"3\"\/><circle cx=\"2566\" cy=\"202\" r=\"50\" fill=\"#647580\" stroke=\"#4e5962\" stroke-width=\"4\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\n<h2>Has Egypt done as much as it could politically and humanitarianly over Gaza?<\/h2>\n<p>I would have liked a stronger position, but I believe Egypt has taken one of the world\u2019s most humane and principled positions. In my assessment, it has provided the most aid and endured considerable intransigence in very complex negotiations, including from Palestinian parties.<\/p>\n<p>We would have liked Rafah opened more widely for humanitarian cases and greater diplomatic and political pressure to admit aid. But the crossing no longer operates as it once did: Israeli forces are directly on the other side and refuse aid entry.<\/p>\n<p>We should not hold Egypt responsible for what it cannot control. We must distinguish between what is possible and what we wish for. I consider Israel\u2019s mass crimes against civilians even more atrocious than those committed by the Nazis, yet the world acts as if it cannot see them. We should recognise Egypt\u2019s balanced position while continuing to demand more pressure in the interests of humanity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Progress Party\u2019s secretary-general discusses gradual reform, electoral alliances, political prisoners and the room available for opposition in Egypt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":13631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[412],"tags":[],"kateb":[728],"class_list":["post-17385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics-en","kateb-shimaa-hamdy"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17385"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17386,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17385\/revisions\/17386"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17385"},{"taxonomy":"kateb","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zawia3.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kateb?post=17385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}